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extern/stdcxx/4.2.1/doc/stdlibref/transform.html
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extern/stdcxx/4.2.1/doc/stdlibref/transform.html
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>transform()</TITLE>
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<LINK REL=StyleSheet HREF="../rw.css" TYPE="text/css" TITLE="Apache stdcxx Stylesheet"></HEAD>
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<BODY BGCOLOR=#FFFFFF>
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<A HREF="toupper.html"><IMG SRC="images/bprev.gif" WIDTH=20 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Previous file" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="noframes.html"><IMG SRC="images/btop.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Top of Document" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="booktoc.html"><IMG SRC="images/btoc.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Contents" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="tindex.html"><IMG SRC="images/bindex.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Index page" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="typeinfo-h.html"><IMG SRC="images/bnext.gif" WIDTH=25 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Next file" BORDER=O></A><DIV CLASS="DOCUMENTNAME"><B>Apache C++ Standard Library Reference Guide</B></DIV>
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<H2>transform()</H2>
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<P><B>Library:</B> <A HREF="2-9.html">Algorithms</A></P>
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<PRE><HR><B><I>Function</I></B><HR></PRE>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec1">Local Index</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec2">Summary</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec3">Synopsis</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec4">Description</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec5">Complexity</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec6">Example</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec7">Standards Conformance</A></LI>
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</UL>
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<A NAME="sec1"><H3>Local Index</H3></A>
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No Entries
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<A NAME="sec2"><H3>Summary</H3></A>
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<P>Algorithm that applies an operation to a range of values in a collection and stores the result</P>
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<A NAME="sec3"><H3>Synopsis</H3></A>
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<PRE>#include <algorithm>
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namespace std {
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template <class InputIterator, class OutputIterator,
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class UnaryOperation>
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OutputIterator
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transform(InputIterator start, InputIterator finish,
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OutputIterator result, UnaryOperation op);
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template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2,
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class OutputIterator, class BinaryOperation>
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OutputIterator
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transform(InputIterator1 start1, InputIterator1 finish1,
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InputIterator2 start2, OutputIterator result,
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BinaryOperation binary_op);
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}
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</PRE>
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<A NAME="sec4"><H3>Description</H3></A>
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<P>The <SAMP>transform()</SAMP> algorithm has two forms. The first form applies unary operation <SAMP>op</SAMP> to each element of the range <SAMP>[start, finish)</SAMP>, and assigns the result to the element pointed to by the output iterator <SAMP>result</SAMP>. For example, this version of <SAMP>transform()</SAMP> could be used to square each element in a <B><I><A HREF="vector.html">vector</A></I></B>. If the output iterator (<SAMP>result</SAMP>) is the same as the input iterator used to traverse the range, <SAMP>transform()</SAMP> performs its transformation in place.</P>
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<P>The second form of <SAMP>transform()</SAMP> applies a binary operation, <SAMP>binary_op</SAMP>, to corresponding elements in the range <SAMP>[start1, finish1)</SAMP> and the range that begins at <SAMP>start2</SAMP>, and assigns the result to the element pointed to by <SAMP>result</SAMP>. For example, <SAMP>transform()</SAMP> can be used to add corresponding elements in two sequences, and store the set of sums in a third. The algorithm assumes, but does not check, that the second sequence has at least as many elements as the first sequence. Note that the output iterator <SAMP>result</SAMP> can be a third sequence, or either of the two input sequences.</P>
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<P>Formally, <SAMP>transform()</SAMP> assigns through every iterator <SAMP>i</SAMP> in the range <SAMP>[result, result + (finish1 - start1))</SAMP> a new corresponding value equal to:</P>
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<P><SAMP>op(*(start1 + (i - result))</SAMP></P>
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<P>or: </P>
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<P><SAMP>binary_op(*(start1 + (i - result), *(start2 + (i - result)))</SAMP></P>
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<P><SAMP>transform()</SAMP> returns <SAMP>result + (finish1 - start1)</SAMP>. <SAMP>op</SAMP> and <SAMP>binary_op</SAMP> must not have any side effects. <SAMP>result</SAMP> may be equal to <SAMP>start</SAMP> in case of unary transform, or to <SAMP>start1</SAMP> or <SAMP>start2</SAMP> in case of binary transform. </P>
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<A NAME="sec5"><H3>Complexity</H3></A>
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<P>Exactly <SAMP>finish1 - start1 </SAMP>applications of <SAMP>op</SAMP> or <SAMP>binary_op </SAMP>are performed. </P>
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<A NAME="sec6"><H3>Example</H3></A>
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<UL><PRE>//
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// trnsform.cpp
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//
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#include <algorithm> // for transform
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#include <functional> // for multiplies
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#include <deque> // for deque
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#include <iostream> // for cout, endl
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#include <iomanip> // for setw
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int main ()
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{
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typedef std::deque<int, std::allocator<int> > Deque;
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// Initialize a deque with an array of integers.
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const Deque::value_type a [] = { 99, 264, 126, 330, 132 };
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const Deque::value_type b [] = { 280, 105, 220, 84, 210 };
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Deque d1 (a, a + sizeof a / sizeof *a);
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Deque d2 (b, b + sizeof b / sizeof *b);
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// Print the original values.
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std::cout << "The following pairs of numbers: \n ";
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Deque::iterator i1;
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for (i1 = d1.begin(); i1 != d1.end(); ++i1)
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std::cout << std::setw (6) << *i1 << " ";
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std::cout << "\n ";
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for (i1 = d2.begin(); i1 != d2.end(); ++i1)
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std::cout << std::setw (6) << *i1 << " ";
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// transform the numbers in one sequence to
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// their factorials and store the results in
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// another sequence
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std::transform (d1.begin (), d1.end (),
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d2.begin (), d1.begin (),
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std::multiplies<int>());
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// Display the results.
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std::cout << "\n\nHave the products: \n ";
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for (i1 = d1.begin (); i1 != d1.end (); ++i1)
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std::cout << std::setw (6) << *i1 << " ";
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std::cout << std::endl;
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return 0;
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}
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Program Output:
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</PRE></UL>
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<UL><PRE>The following pairs of numbers:
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99 264 126 330 132
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280 105 220 84 210
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Have the products:
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27720 27720 27720 27720 27720
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</PRE></UL>
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<A NAME="sec7"><H3>Standards Conformance</H3></A>
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<P><I>ISO/IEC 14882:1998 -- International Standard for Information Systems -- Programming Language C++, Section 25.2.3</I></P>
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