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<HEAD>
<TITLE>auto_ptr</TITLE>
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<A HREF="associativecontainers.html"><IMG SRC="images/bprev.gif" WIDTH=20 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Previous file" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="noframes.html"><IMG SRC="images/btop.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Top of Document" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="booktoc.html"><IMG SRC="images/btoc.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Contents" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="tindex.html"><IMG SRC="images/bindex.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Index page" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="back-insert-iterator.html"><IMG SRC="images/bnext.gif" WIDTH=25 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Next file" BORDER=O></A><DIV CLASS="DOCUMENTNAME"><B>Apache C++ Standard Library Reference Guide</B></DIV>
<H2>auto_ptr</H2>
<P><B>Library:</B>&nbsp;&nbsp;<A HREF="2-4.html">General utilities</A></P>
<PRE><HR><B><I>Does not inherit</I></B><HR></PRE>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#sec1">Local Index</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec2">Summary</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec3">Synopsis</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec4">Description</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec5">Interface</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec6">Struct auto_ptr_ref</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec7">Typedef</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec8">Constructors</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec9">Destructors</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec10">Operators</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec11">Member Functions</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec12">Example</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sec13">Standards Conformance</A></LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="sec1"><H3>Local Index</H3></A>
<H4>Members</H4>
<UL><TABLE CELLPADDING=3>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top>
<A HREF="#idx21">auto_ptr()</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx19">auto_ptr_ref</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx20">element_type</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top><A HREF="#idx30">get()</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx29">operator auto_ptr&lt;Y&gt;()</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx28">operator auto_ptr_ref&lt;Y&gt;()</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top><A HREF="#idx26">operator*()</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx27">operator-&gt;()</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx25">operator=()</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top><A HREF="#idx31">release()</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx32">reset()</A><BR>
<A HREF="#idx24">~auto_ptr()</A><BR>
</TD></TR>
</TABLE></UL>
<A NAME="sec2"><H3>Summary</H3></A>
<P>A simple smart pointer class</P>
<A NAME="sec3"><H3>Synopsis</H3></A>
<PRE>#include &lt;memory&gt;
namespace std {
template &lt;class X&gt; class auto_ptr;
}
</PRE>
<A NAME="sec4"><H3>Description</H3></A>
<P>The class template specialization <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> holds onto a pointer obtained via <SAMP>new()</SAMP> and then deletes that object when the <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> object itself is destroyed. <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> can be used to make calls to operator <SAMP>new()</SAMP> exception-safe. The <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> class has semantics of strict ownership: an object may be safely pointed to by only one <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B>, so copying an <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> copies the pointer and transfers ownership to the destination if the source had already had ownership. </P>
<A NAME="sec5"><H3>Interface</H3></A>
<UL><PRE>namespace std {
template &lt;class Y&gt; struct auto_ptr_ref {};
template &lt;class X&gt; class auto_ptr {
public:
typedef X element_type;
// construct/copy/destroy
explicit auto_ptr (X* p = 0) throw();
auto_ptr(auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp;) throw ();
template &lt;class Y&gt;
auto_ptr(auto_ptr&lt;Y&gt;&amp;) throw();
auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp; operator=(auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp;) throw();
template &lt;class Y&gt;
auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp; operator= (auto_ptr&lt;Y&gt;&amp;) throw();
~auto_ptr() throw();
// members
X&amp; operator* () const throw();
X* operator-&gt; () const throw();
X* get () const throw();
X* release() throw();
void reset(X* p = 0) throw();
// conversions
auto_ptr(auto_ptr_ref&lt;X&gt;) throw();
template &lt;class Y&gt; operator auto_ptr_ref&lt;Y&gt;() throw();
template &lt;class Y&gt; operator auto_ptr&lt;Y&gt;() throw();
};
}
</PRE></UL>
<A NAME="sec6"><H3>Struct auto_ptr_ref</H3></A>
<A NAME="idx19"></A><PRE>template &lt;class Y&gt;
struct <B>auto_ptr_ref</B>;</PRE>
<UL>
<P>A namespace-scope struct template that holds a reference to an <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B>. An <B><I>auto_ptr_ref</I></B> can only be constructed within an <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> using a reference to an <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B>. It prevents unsafe copying.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="sec7"><H3>Typedef</H3></A>
<A NAME="idx20"></A><PRE>typedef X <B>element_type</B>;</PRE>
<UL>
<P>The type of element pointed to by <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B>. </P>
</UL>
<A NAME="sec8"><H3>Constructors</H3></A>
<A NAME="idx21"></A><PRE>explicit
<B>auto_ptr</B> (X* p = 0) throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Constructs an object of class <B><I>auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;</I></B>, initializing the held pointer to&nbsp;<SAMP>p</SAMP>, and acquiring ownership of that pointer. <SAMP>p</SAMP> must point to an object of class <SAMP>X</SAMP>, a class derived from <SAMP>X</SAMP> for which <SAMP>delete p</SAMP> is defined and accessible, or <SAMP>p</SAMP> must be a null pointer.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx22"></A><PRE><B>auto_ptr</B> (auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp; a) throw();
template &lt;class Y&gt;
<B>auto_ptr</B> (auto_ptr&lt;Y&gt;&amp; a) throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Constructs an object of class <B><I>auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;</I></B>, and copies the argument <SAMP>a</SAMP> to <SAMP>*this</SAMP>. If <SAMP>a</SAMP> owned the underlying pointer, then <SAMP>*this</SAMP> becomes the new owner of that pointer.</P>
<P>For the constructor template, each specialization requires that a pointer to <SAMP>Y</SAMP> be implicitly convertible to pointer to <SAMP>element_type</SAMP>.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx23"></A><PRE><B>auto_ptr</B> (auto_ptr_ref&lt;X&gt; r) throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Constructs an <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> from an <B><I>auto_ptr_ref</I></B>.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="sec9"><H3>Destructors</H3></A>
<A NAME="idx24"></A><PRE><B>~auto_ptr</B> () throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Deletes the underlying pointer.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="sec10"><H3>Operators</H3></A>
<A NAME="idx25"></A><PRE>auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp; <B>operator=</B>(auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp; a) throw();
template &lt;class Y&gt;
auto_ptr&lt;X&gt;&amp; <B>operator=</B>(auto_ptr&lt;Y&gt;&amp; a) throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Copies the argument <SAMP>a</SAMP> to <SAMP>*this</SAMP>. If <SAMP>a</SAMP> owned the underlying pointer, then <SAMP>*this</SAMP> becomes the new owner of that pointer. If <SAMP>*this</SAMP> already owned a pointer, that pointer is deleted first. The argument <SAMP>a</SAMP> is reset to zero.</P>
<P>For the function template, each specialization requires that a pointer to <SAMP>Y</SAMP> be implicitly convertible to pointer to <SAMP>element_type</SAMP>.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx26"></A><PRE>X&amp;
<B>operator*</B>() const throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Returns a reference to the object to which the underlying pointer points.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx27"></A><PRE>X*
<B>operator-&gt;</B>() const throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Returns the underlying pointer.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx28"></A><PRE>template &lt;class Y&gt;
<B>operator auto_ptr_ref&lt;Y&gt;</B>() throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Constructs an <B><I>auto_ptr_ref</I></B> from <SAMP>*this</SAMP> and returns it.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx29"></A><PRE>template &lt;class Y&gt;
<B>operator auto_ptr&lt;Y&gt;</B>() throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Constructs a new <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B> using the underlying pointer held by <SAMP>*this</SAMP>. Calls <SAMP>release()</SAMP> on <SAMP>*this</SAMP>, so <SAMP>*this</SAMP> no longer possesses the pointer. Returns the new <B><I>auto_ptr</I></B>.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="sec11"><H3>Member Functions</H3></A>
<A NAME="idx30"></A><PRE>X*
<B>get</B>() const throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Returns the underlying pointer.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx31"></A><PRE>X*
<B>release</B>() throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Releases ownership of the underlying pointer and returns that pointer. The <SAMP>*this</SAMP> object is left holding a null pointer.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="idx32"></A><PRE>void
<B>reset</B>(X* p = 0) throw();</PRE>
<UL>
<P>Sets the underlying pointer to <SAMP>p</SAMP>. If non-null, deletes the old underlying pointer.</P>
</UL>
<A NAME="sec12"><H3>Example</H3></A>
<UL><PRE>//
// auto_ptr.cpp
//
#include &lt;iostream&gt; // for cout, endl
#include &lt;memory&gt; // for auto_ptr
// A simple structure.
class X
{
int i_;
public:
X (int i) : i_ (i) {
std::cout &lt;&lt; "X::X (" &lt;&lt; i_ &lt;&lt; ')' &lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
~X () {
std::cout &lt;&lt; "X::~X [" &lt;&lt; i_ &lt;&lt; ']' &lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
int get () const { return i_; }
};
int main ()
{
// a implicitly initialized to 0 (the null pointer)
std::auto_ptr&lt;X&gt; a;
// Establish a scope.
if (1) {
// b will hold a pointer to an X.
std::auto_ptr&lt;X&gt; b (new X (12345));
// a will now be the owner of
// the underlying pointer.
a = b;
}
std::cout &lt;&lt; "b destroyed" &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// Output the value contained by
// the underlying pointer.
#ifndef _RWSTD_NO_NONCLASS_ARROW_RETURN
std::cout &lt;&lt; a-&gt;get () &lt;&lt; std::endl;
#else
std::cout &lt;&lt; (*a).get () &lt;&lt; std::endl;
#endif
// The pointer will be deleted when a is destroyed
// on leaving scope.
return 0;
}
Program Output:
</PRE></UL>
<P>X::X (12345)</P>
<P>b destroyed</P>
<P>12345</P>
<P>X::~X [12345]</P>
<A NAME="sec13"><H3>Standards Conformance</H3></A>
<P><I>ISO/IEC 14882:1998 -- International Standard for Information Systems -- Programming Language C++, Section 20.4.5</I></P>
<BR>
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