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extern/stdcxx/4.2.1/doc/stdlibref/advance.html
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extern/stdcxx/4.2.1/doc/stdlibref/advance.html
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>advance()</TITLE>
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<LINK REL=StyleSheet HREF="../rw.css" TYPE="text/css" TITLE="Apache stdcxx Stylesheet"></HEAD>
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<BODY BGCOLOR=#FFFFFF>
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<A HREF="adjacent-find.html"><IMG SRC="images/bprev.gif" WIDTH=20 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Previous file" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="noframes.html"><IMG SRC="images/btop.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Top of Document" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="booktoc.html"><IMG SRC="images/btoc.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Contents" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="tindex.html"><IMG SRC="images/bindex.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Index page" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="algorithm-h.html"><IMG SRC="images/bnext.gif" WIDTH=25 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Next file" BORDER=O></A><DIV CLASS="DOCUMENTNAME"><B>Apache C++ Standard Library Reference Guide</B></DIV>
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<H2>advance()</H2>
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<P><B>Library:</B> <A HREF="2-8.html">Iterators</A></P>
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<PRE><HR><B><I>Function</I></B><HR></PRE>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec1">Local Index</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec2">Summary</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec3">Synopsis</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec4">Description</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec5">Example</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec6">See Also</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#sec7">Standards Conformance</A></LI>
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</UL>
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<A NAME="sec1"><H3>Local Index</H3></A>
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No Entries
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<A NAME="sec2"><H3>Summary</H3></A>
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<P>A function that advances an iterator forward or backward (if available) by a certain distance</P>
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<A NAME="sec3"><H3>Synopsis</H3></A>
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<PRE>#include <iterator>
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namespace std {
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template <class InputIterator, class Distance>
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void advance(InputIterator& i, Distance n);
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}
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</PRE>
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<A NAME="sec4"><H3>Description</H3></A>
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<P>The <SAMP>advance()</SAMP> function template allows an iterator to be advanced through a container by some arbitrary distance. For bidirectional and random access iterators, this distance may be negative. For random access iterators, this function uses <SAMP>operator+=()</SAMP> and <SAMP>operator-=()</SAMP> for constant time implementations. For input, forward, and bidirectional iterators, <SAMP>advance()</SAMP> uses <SAMP>operator++()</SAMP> for linear time implementations. <SAMP>advance()</SAMP> also uses <SAMP>operator--()</SAMP> with bidirectional iterators for linear time implementations of negative distances. </P>
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<P>If <SAMP>n</SAMP> is positive, <SAMP>advance()</SAMP> increments iterator reference <SAMP>i</SAMP> by <SAMP>n</SAMP>. For negative <SAMP>n</SAMP>, <SAMP>advance()</SAMP> decrements reference <SAMP>i</SAMP>. Remember that <SAMP>advance()</SAMP> accepts a negative argument <SAMP>n</SAMP> for random access and bidirectional iterators only.</P>
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<A NAME="sec5"><H3>Example</H3></A>
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<UL><PRE>//
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// advance.cpp
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//
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#include <iterator> // for advance
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#include <iostream> // for cout, endl
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#include <list> // for list
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int main ()
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{
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// Typedefs for convenience.
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typedef std::list<long, std::allocator<long> > list;
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typedef std::ostream_iterator<list::value_type, char,
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std::char_traits<char> > os_iter;
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// Initialize a list using an array.
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const list::value_type arr [] = { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
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list l (arr + 0, arr + sizeof arr / sizeof *arr);
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// Declare a list iterator, s.b. a ForwardIterator.
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list::iterator itr = l.begin ();
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// Output the original list.
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std::cout << "For the list: ";
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std::copy (l.begin (), l.end (), os_iter (std::cout, " "));
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std::cout << std::endl << std::endl
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<< "When the iterator is initialized to l.begin (),"
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<< "\nit points to " << *itr << std::endl;
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// operator+ is not available for a ForwardIterator,
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// so use advance.
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std::advance (itr, 4);
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std::cout
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<< "\nAfter advance (itr, 4), the iterator points to "
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<< *itr << std::endl;
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return 0;
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}
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Program Output:
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For the list: 3 4 5 6 7 8
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When the iterator is initialized to l.begin (),
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it points to 3
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After advance (itr, 4), the iterator points to 7
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</PRE></UL>
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<A NAME="sec6"><H3>See Also</H3></A>
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<P><A HREF="sequences.html">Sequences</A>, <A HREF="randomaccessiterators.html">Random Access Iterators</A>, <SAMP><A HREF="distance.html">distance()</A></SAMP></P>
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<A NAME="sec7"><H3>Standards Conformance</H3></A>
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<P><I>ISO/IEC 14882:1998 -- International Standard for Information Systems -- Programming Language C++, Section 24.3.4</I></P>
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<BR>
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